La movilidad internacional de los jóvenes italianos altamente calificados: Motivaciones, experiencias y expectativas

Autores/as

Palabras clave:

Movilidad y migración internacional, Italia, jóvenes altamente calificados, crisis económica, fuga de cerebros

Resumen

La crisis económico-financiera desencadenada en 2007-2008 determinó un aumento en la migración internacional de los jóvenes italianos, y en especial de aquellos altamente calificados. Se trata de un caso sumamente particular, no solo porque el país es miembro de la OCDE, sino porque es la cuarta economía más importante en la Unión Europea. Los resultados expuestos en este artículo se basan en entrevistas en profundidad realizadas con quince jóvenes italianos universitarios. En concreto, el artículo aborda (i) las características personales e individuales de los jóvenes migrantes, (ii) las principales causas y motores de la movilidad, (iii) la experiencia vivida y (iv) las expectativas y planes de futuro. El estudio demuestra que los motivos que impulsan a los jóvenes italianos altamente calificados a emigrar dependen de factores estructurales y sistémicos, así como a factores psicológicos y culturales.

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Biografía del autor/a

Barbara Staniscia, Universidad de Roma La Sapienza – Departamento de Estudios Europeos, Americanos e Interculturales, Roma, Italia

Barbara Staniscia es doctora en Geografía Económica por la Universidad de Bari, Italia. Se desempeña como profesora investigadora de la Universidad La Sapienza de Roma, donde imparte Geografía del Turismo. Es secretaria científica de la Comisión UGI “Global Change and Human Mobility-Globility” y miembro del grupo de investigación del proyecto “Youth mobility: maximising opportunities for individuals, labour markets and regions in Europe”. Entre sus publicaciones recientes: A. Montanari y B. Staniscia (2017), “Young Italians on the move”, en B. Glorius y J. Domínguez-Mujica (eds.), “European Mobility in Times of Crisis. The new context of European South-North Migration”, Bielefeld, pp. 49-73; G. Gallo y B. Staniscia (2016), “Italian youth mobility in the last two decades: an overview in eight selected EU countries”, Hungarian Geographical Bulletin, 65(4), pp. 345-360; C. Mendoza, B. Staniscia y A. Ortiz-Guitart (2016), “Migración y movilidad de las personas calificadas: nuevos enfoques teóricos, territorios y actores”, Biblio 3W – Revista Bibliográfica de Geografía y Ciencias Sociales, XXI; P. Pumares, B. González-Martin, A. Montanari y B. Staniscia (2017), “Movilidad juvenil recíproco entre Italia y España: una cuestión de las afinidades electivas”, Population, Space and Place, https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.2113.

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Publicado

2017-12-16

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